{"id":1498,"date":"2023-05-23T10:23:59","date_gmt":"2023-05-23T03:23:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/matenix.com\/?p=1498"},"modified":"2023-05-23T10:23:59","modified_gmt":"2023-05-23T03:23:59","slug":"vai-dieu-trao-doi-ve-xet-nghiem-gen-xpert","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/matenix.com\/vai-dieu-trao-doi-ve-xet-nghiem-gen-xpert\/","title":{"rendered":"V\u00c0I \u0110I\u1ec0U TRAO \u0110\u1ed4I V\u1ec0 X\u00c9T NGHI\u1ec6M GEN-XPERT"},"content":{"rendered":"

Hi\u1ec7n nay, B\u1ec7nh lao ph\u1ed5i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n b\u1edfi nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p kh\u00e1c nhau, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m Xpert. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea1y v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1eb7c hi\u1ec7u cao, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0o giai \u0111o\u1ea1n s\u1edbm, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. T\u1ed5ng quan v\u1ec1 b\u1ec7nh lao<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Vi khu\u1ea9n Mycobacterium tuberculosis l\u00e0 nguy\u00ean nh\u00e2n g\u00e2y n\u00ean b\u1ec7nh lao \u1edf ng\u01b0\u1eddi, \u0111\u00e2y l\u00e0 c\u0103n b\u1ec7nh truy\u1ec1n nhi\u1ec5m nguy hi\u1ec3m, c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 l\u00e2y lan d\u1ec5 d\u00e0ng th\u00f4ng qua \u0111\u01b0\u1eddng h\u00f4 h\u1ea5p. Ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ecb lao khi ho ho\u1eb7c h\u1eaft h\u01a1i s\u1ebd ph\u00e1t t\u00e1n vi khu\u1ea9n ra ngo\u00e0i kh\u00f4ng kh\u00ed, ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u00ecnh th\u01b0\u1eddng n\u1ebfu ti\u1ebfp x\u00fac ph\u1ea3i s\u1ebd b\u1ecb nhi\u1ec5m b\u1ec7nh. Th\u1eddi gian \u0111\u1ea7u sau khi khu\u1ea9n lao x\u00e2m nh\u1eadp v\u00e0o, c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 ch\u01b0a c\u00f3 bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n r\u00f5 r\u00e0ng, \u0111\u00e2y g\u1ecdi l\u00e0 th\u1eddi k\u1ef3 \u1ee7 b\u1ec7nh.<\/p>\n

    Qu\u00e3ng th\u1eddi gian \u1ee7 b\u1ec7nh d\u00e0i hay ng\u1eafn ph\u1ee5 thu\u1ed9c v\u00e0o s\u1ee9c \u0111\u1ec1 kh\u00e1ng c\u1ee7a m\u1ed7i b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n. V\u00ec th\u1eddi gian \u1ee7 b\u1ec7nh lao thay \u0111\u1ed5i theo t\u1eebng ng\u01b0\u1eddi t\u00f9y tu\u1ed5i t\u00e1c, th\u1ec3 tr\u1ea1ng, b\u1ec7nh k\u00e8m theo… B\u1ec7nh c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u1ee7 trong v\u00f2ng 4 \u0111\u1ebfn 12 tu\u1ea7n nh\u01b0ng c\u0169ng c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 v\u00e0i th\u00e1ng t\u1edbi v\u00e0i n\u0103m.<\/p>\n

    Khi h\u1ec7 mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch c\u1ee7a con ng\u01b0\u1eddi suy gi\u1ea3m l\u00e0 c\u01a1 h\u1ed9i t\u1ed1t \u0111\u1ec3 khu\u1ea9n lao sinh s\u00f4i ph\u00e1t tri\u1ec3n v\u00e0 t\u1ea5n c\u00f4ng c\u01a1 th\u1ec3 ng\u01b0\u1eddi, l\u00fac n\u00e0y b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n m\u1edbi c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng bi\u1ec3u hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 tri\u1ec7u ch\u1ee9ng c\u1ee5 th\u1ec3.<\/p>\n

      \n
    1. T\u00ecm hi\u1ec3u v\u1ec1 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m Gene Xpert<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m Gene Xpert l\u00e0 k\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u1ee9ng d\u1ee5ng sinh h\u1ecdc ph\u00e2n t\u1eed mang t\u00ednh \u0111\u1ed9t ph\u00e1 c\u1ee7a ng\u00e0nh y t\u1ebf th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi n\u00f3i chung v\u00e0 ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n b\u1ec7nh lao n\u00f3i ri\u00eang. K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt n\u00e0y t\u00edch h\u1ee3p 3 c\u00f4ng ngh\u1ec7, g\u1ed3m: t\u00e1ch gen, nh\u00e2n gen v\u00e0 nh\u1eadn bi\u1ebft gen. K\u1ef9 thu\u1eadt \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c T\u1ed5 ch\u1ee9c Y t\u1ebf th\u1ebf gi\u1edbi (WHO) ch\u1ee9ng th\u1ef1c v\u00e0 khuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1o \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng trong c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng ch\u1ed1ng lao.<\/p>\n

      Theo \u0111\u00f3, Gene Xpert \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n lao ban \u0111\u1ea7u cho nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p nghi thu\u1ed9c di\u1ec7n lao kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c ho\u1eb7c lao \u0111\u1ed3ng nhi\u1ec5m h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee9ng suy gi\u1ea3m mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch HIV. Nh\u1eefng khu v\u1ef1c lao kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c ho\u1eb7c kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng nhi\u1ec5m HIV kh\u00f4ng cao th\u00ec c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1eddm \u00e2m t\u00ednh v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch t\u0103ng kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n lao ph\u1ed5i AFB d\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00ednh.<\/p>\n

      \u01afu \u0111i\u1ec3m c\u1ee7a x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m Gene Xpert<\/strong><\/p>\n

      Ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m Gene Xpert cho ph\u00e9p x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh vi khu\u1ea9n lao v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1eb7c hi\u1ec7u v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea1y r\u1ea5t cao. \u0110\u1ed1i v\u1edbi m\u1ed7i lo\u1ea1i m\u1eabu b\u1ec7nh ph\u1ea9m kh\u00e1c nhau, x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m Gene Xpert s\u1ebd cho ra k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 tr\u1ef1c ti\u1ebfp v\u1edbi \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea1y l\u00e0 kh\u00e1c nhau.<\/p>\n

      – B\u1ec7nh ph\u1ea9m l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eddm AFB d\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00ednh c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea1y 98%;<\/p>\n

      – B\u1ec7nh ph\u1ea9m l\u00e0 \u0111\u1eddm AFB \u00e2m t\u00ednh c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea1y 72%.<\/p>\n

      C\u1ea3 2 lo\u1ea1i n\u00e0y \u0111\u1ec1u c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1eb7c hi\u1ec7u 99,2%.<\/p>\n

      Th\u1eddi gian tr\u1ea3 k\u1ebft qu\u1ea3 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m ch\u1ec9 kho\u1ea3ng 2 gi\u1edd \u0111\u1ed3ng h\u1ed3. Ngo\u00e0i vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec5m lao hay kh\u00f4ng, x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m n\u00e0y c\u00f2n cho bi\u1ebft c\u00f3 nhi\u1ec1u hay \u00edt vi khu\u1ea9n. \u0110\u1eb7c bi\u1ec7t, b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n c\u00f3 thu\u1ed9c d\u1ea1ng lao kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c hay kh\u00f4ng.<\/p>\n

      Khi ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb s\u1edbm th\u00ec kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng kh\u1ecfi b\u1ec7nh cao h\u01a1n v\u00e0 h\u1ea1n ch\u1ebf t\u1ed1i \u0111a s\u1ef1 l\u00e2y lan ra c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng.<\/p>\n

      Khuy\u1ebfn c\u00e1o s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m n\u00e0y trong c\u00f4ng t\u00e1c ph\u00f2ng ch\u1ed1ng lao nh\u01b0 sau:<\/strong><\/p>\n

      – Xpert \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng nh\u01b0 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n lao ban \u0111\u1ea7u cho nh\u1eefng tr\u01b0\u1eddng h\u1ee3p nghi thu\u1ed9c di\u1ec7n lao kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c ho\u1eb7c lao \u0111\u1ed3ng nhi\u1ec5m h\u1ed9i ch\u1ee9ng suy gi\u1ea3m mi\u1ec5n d\u1ecbch HIV.<\/p>\n

      – T\u1ea1i nh\u1eefng khu v\u1ef1c lao kh\u00e1ng thu\u1ed1c ho\u1eb7c kh\u1ea3 n\u0103ng nhi\u1ec5m HIV kh\u00f4ng cao th\u00ec x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 s\u1eed d\u1ee5ng \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m \u0111\u1eddm \u00e2m t\u00ednh v\u1edbi m\u1ee5c \u0111\u00edch t\u0103ng s\u1ef1 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n lao ph\u1ed5i AFB d\u01b0\u01a1ng t\u00ednh.<\/p>\n

        \n
      1. Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh S\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eafc lao ph\u1ed5i t\u1ea1i B\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n Lao v\u00e0 B\u1ec7nh Ph\u1ed5i B\u00ecnh \u0110\u1ecbnh\u0111a khoa S\u00f4ng Th\u01b0\u01a1ng<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        T\u1ea1i B\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n Lao v\u00e0 B\u1ec7nh Ph\u1ed5i B\u00ecnh \u0110\u1ecbnh tri\u1ec3n khai ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh “S\u00e0ng l\u1ecdc mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n ng\u01b0\u1eddi m\u1eafc b\u1ec7nh lao ph\u1ed5i trong c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng” th\u00f4ng qua ch\u1ee5p X-quang v\u00e0 l\u1ea5y m\u1eabu X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m Xpert.<\/p>\n

        Sau khi th\u0103m kh\u00e1m v\u00e0 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c b\u00e1c s\u0129 ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n l\u00e2m s\u00e0ng c\u00f3 nh\u1eefng d\u1ea5u hi\u1ec7u c\u1ee7a b\u1ec7nh lao, ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh s\u1ebd \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ch\u1ec9 \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1ee5p Xquang v\u00e0 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m Xpert ho\u00e0n to\u00e0n mi\u1ec5n ph\u00ed \u0111\u1ec3 x\u00e1c \u0111\u1ecbnh ch\u1eafc ch\u1eafn r\u1eb1ng ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh c\u00f3 b\u1ecb m\u1eafc lao ph\u1ed5i hay kh\u00f4ng. Ch\u01b0\u01a1ng tr\u00ecnh n\u00e0y \u00e1p d\u1ee5ng cho c\u1ea3 b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n n\u1ed9i tr\u00fa v\u00e0 b\u1ec7nh nh\u00e2n ngo\u1ea1i tr\u00fa.<\/p>\n

        X\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m Xpert gi\u00fap cho vi\u1ec7c ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n Lao ph\u1ed5i \u0111\u01a1n gi\u1ea3n v\u00e0 thu\u1eadn ti\u1ec7n h\u01a1n r\u1ea5t nhi\u1ec1u. Vi\u1ec7c th\u1ef1c hi\u1ec7n x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m Gene Xpert s\u1edbm gi\u00fap ng\u01b0\u1eddi b\u1ec7nh ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0 c\u00f3 ph\u00e1c \u0111\u1ed3 \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb k\u1ecbp th\u1eddi, hi\u1ec7u qu\u1ea3 cao, tr\u00e1nh nh\u1eefng bi\u1ebfn ch\u1ee9ng nguy hi\u1ec3m c\u0169ng nh\u01b0 s\u1ef1 l\u00e2y lan ra c\u1ed9ng \u0111\u1ed3ng.<\/p>\n

        Th\u1ea1c s\u0129 B\u00e1c s\u0129 Chuy\u00ean Khoa II Ch\u00e2u V\u0103n Tu\u1ea5n-<\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n

        \u00a0Gi\u00e1m \u0111\u1ed1c B\u1ec7nh vi\u1ec7n Lao v\u00e0 B\u1ec7nh Ph\u1ed5i B\u00ecnh \u0110\u1ecbnh<\/em><\/strong><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

        Hi\u1ec7n nay, B\u1ec7nh lao ph\u1ed5i c\u00f3 th\u1ec3 \u0111\u01b0\u1ee3c ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n v\u00e0 ch\u1ea9n \u0111o\u00e1n b\u1edfi nhi\u1ec1u ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p kh\u00e1c nhau, trong \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 x\u00e9t nghi\u1ec7m Xpert. \u0110\u00e2y l\u00e0 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p c\u00f3 \u0111\u1ed9 nh\u1ea1y v\u00e0 \u0111\u1ed9 \u0111\u1eb7c hi\u1ec7u cao, h\u1ed7 tr\u1ee3 ph\u00e1t hi\u1ec7n b\u1ec7nh v\u00e0o giai \u0111o\u1ea1n s\u1edbm, t\u1eeb \u0111\u00f3 c\u00f3 ph\u01b0\u01a1ng ph\u00e1p \u0111i\u1ec1u tr\u1ecb b\u1ec7nh hi\u1ec7u […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"default","ast-site-content-layout":"","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[75],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1498","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-hoat-dong-chuyen-mon"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/matenix.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1498"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/matenix.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/matenix.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/matenix.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/matenix.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1498"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/matenix.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1498\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1501,"href":"https:\/\/matenix.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1498\/revisions\/1501"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/matenix.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1498"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/matenix.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1498"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/matenix.com\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1498"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}